Smokings Ethical Problem

Smoking is a habit developed by most people but the problem with it, just like any other drug, is addiction. Consequently, people addicted to smoking find it difficult to go for long periods without smoking. This has led to people smoking everywhere; public areas such as buses, restaurants and workplaces.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Smoking’s Ethical Problem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For non-smokers, this habit is extremely irritating and can lead to health problems associated with passive smoke. As a result, a convenient prohibition should be implemented to place both smokers and non-smokers in a suitable position where none is bothered by the other. It is quite unethical to allow smoking to continue in workplaces at the expense of the non-smokers. This paper intends to focus on convenient policies that could be implemented at workplaces that would be favorable to both smokers and non-smokers. Renfold as a supervisor is approached by an employee who complains about the smoking habits of other employees in the workplace. The complaint raised by Darlene is that Alice and Frank smoke in their offices and the stench of cigarette smoke that remains in the air irritates her. If I were Charles Renfold I would listen to Darlene’s complaint and look at the situation objectively before taking any action. Darlene is of the opinion that she would not work on the job that is assigned to her since she needs to retrieve files from Alice’s and Frank’s office. Since the job is urgent and therefore needed in a few days time, I would request her to work on the job with the promise that I will communicate her complaints to Frank and Alice so that they may stop smoking in the office due to complaints raised by fellow colleagues. Furthermore, I will promise her that I would forward the complaint to the human resource manager so that they could formulate company rules that would favor both smokers and non-smokers within the organization without affecting employees output and morale. After my encounter with Darlene, I would then visit Alice and Frank’s office to inform them of the complaints without necessarily revealing who the complainant is so that they may not develop feelings of resentment towards Darlene. I would then make a follow up with Darlene to ensure that she begins working on the files since the report is required by top management.Advertising Looking for report on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Afterwards I would visit the Human Resource office to voice the complaints so that necessary action could be taken if the Human Resource Manager finds it necessary to take action. There are several policies that can be formulated to ensure that smoking within the offices is regulated. Since the three parties are workers within the organization, I will have to come up with a strategic policy which will be suitable to both the smokers and the non-smokers. As smoking within the offices is the problem, I would recommend that smokers be allowed some amount of time during their working hours to smoke. The smoking would not take place within the building but there would be designated spots reserved for the smokers so that the smoke would not reach the non-smokers who are allergic or irritated by the smell of cigarette smoke (Office control, 2011, par. 7). To ensure that the smokers respond to the new smoking rules, I would ensure that there was a penalty which would be charged on an employee who is found smoking in an area other than the one reserved for smoking. If this policy is assimilated and implemented by Redwood Associates, then both the smokers and the non-smokers would be satisfied. The smokers could smoke more freely at their own pleasure while the non-smokers would be free from the irritating cigarette smoke. Smoking is a personal choice and ind ividuals who decide to smoke do so out of their own personal choice but this can be regulated so that smoking can take place in an area that is convenient for both parties. But there are other issues that are more personal such as perfumes and body odor and addressing such matters requires a lot of delicacy and much care has to be taken without raising remorseful feelings and resentment.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Smoking’s Ethical Problem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If Darlene was offended by Frank’s body odor, then Renfold would have to approach the issue more tactfully and in a professional manner to avoid lowering Frank’s morale and creating self-esteem problems that are likely to affect his attitude towards work and his colleagues. Renfold would have to approach Frank and request that they have a private talk since such messages cannot be passed on before the other employees. Renfold would have to engage in a personal talk with Frank making sure that he is straightforward in speech and that he arrives to the point he wants to put across quickly without beating around the bush since this creates an uncomfortable situation for both of them especially Frank. Before telling Frank about the issue, Renfold should make a point of informing Frank that the conversation is not related to work performance so that he can put Frank at ease and also to prepare him mentally for what he is about to say. Renfold could go ahead to advice Frank on possible solutions to the problem. Afterwards, he could make a follow up of the issue to find out whether there are improvements. As for Alice’s perfume, Renfold can also talk to her about it in a private conversation. He could request her to use little amounts since it is causing irritation to other employees or to change the product she is using. However, this is quite a personal matter since there is little that could be done about a persons taste for different cosmetic products. In fact, asking her to change the product would make her change to a different one but the smell could still be offensive to Darlene, therefore, there is no real solution to such a problem.Advertising Looking for report on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Actually, there are areas that an employer has no right to intrude such as grooming since it’s governed by the rights of an employee to privacy (Weiss, 2009, p.363) Darlene would have to cope up with it since she does not work full time in Alice’s office. Other employees who have been restricted from smoking resolve to smoking in their cars at the parking lot. Some companies have gone ahead and raised a ban on this habit. According to me, this is justifiable since a parking lot is part of the areas owned by the business and if it is not reserved as a site for smoking, there is no reason why an employee should smoke there. Other employees who are allergic to cigarette smoke use the parking lot just as the smokers do. Employees remain allergic whether the smoke is present in the offices or in the parking lot, it is still irritating and banning the smoking of cigarettes in the parking lot is justifiable and reasonable. In fact banning cigarette smoking to reserved sites c an eventually help these smokers to reduce their cigarette consumption thus killing the addiction (Archie Buchholtz, 2008, p.715). Smoking is an addictive habit developed by many people and the problem is experienced in work places. Some cigarette addicts go to the extent of smoking at workplaces at the expense of other colleagues who might be allergic to the cigarette smoke. To put everyone at ease, institution policies that prohibit smoking in public areas were formulated. They allowed cigarette smokers the right to smoke at designated spots reserved for the activity. Other issues arise at work places such as offensive body odors and irritating perfumes. Such issues should be solved with much care since they involve intrusion into the private life of a colleague or employee. Smoking in parking lots should also be prohibited since this is a space that is shared by both smokers and the non-smokers. Reference List Archie, C Buchholtz, A. (2008). Business and Society: Ethics and Sta keholder Management. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning, Inc. Weiss, Joseph. (2009). Business Ethics: A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning, Inc. Office control. (2011). The Smoking Ban. Web. This report on Smoking’s Ethical Problem was written and submitted by user J0casta to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Financial Analysis

Anthony Osu Jr. Financial Statement Analysis Project The two companies that I will be comparing in this project are McDonalds and Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s. Both of these companies are competitors in the same industry. I ¡Ã‚ ¦m using the information from their 2001 Financial Statements. Debt-to-Assets Ratio When comparing the debt-to-assets ratio of McDonalds and Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s, you have to divide the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s total liabilities by their total assets. Essentially, the debt-to-assets ratio is the primary indicator of the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s debt management. As the ratio increases or decreases, it indicates the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s changing reliance on borrowed resources. The lower the ratio the more efficient the firm will be able to liquidate its assets if operations were discontinued, and debts needed to be collected. In 2001 Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s had $2,076,043 worth in total assets and $846,264 in total liabilities. When divided, Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s has the lower ratio of the two competitors at 40%. This means that they would take losses of 40% if operations were shut down, and the cash received from valuable assets would still be sufficient to pay off the entire debt. It also means that 40% of Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s assets are made through debt. McDonalds in 2001 had $12,545.3 (in millions) of total li abilities and $22,534.5 (in millions) of total assets. After doing the math, McDonalds ends up with a ratio of 56% which is higher than Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s by sixteen percent. This means that there is more default on McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s liabilities, which can be a costly event from lender ¡Ã‚ ¦s perspective. McDonalds makes 56% of all its assets through debt. In reality, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s not good to have a debt-to-assets ratio over 50%. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s also not good to have a debt-to-assets ratio that is too low because that shows that you have money that isn ¡Ã‚ ¦t being used to gain future economic profit. So a stable percentage closest to 50% is wanted. When looking at both of the financial statements, eve... Free Essays on Financial Analysis Free Essays on Financial Analysis Anthony Osu Jr. Financial Statement Analysis Project The two companies that I will be comparing in this project are McDonalds and Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s. Both of these companies are competitors in the same industry. I ¡Ã‚ ¦m using the information from their 2001 Financial Statements. Debt-to-Assets Ratio When comparing the debt-to-assets ratio of McDonalds and Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s, you have to divide the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s total liabilities by their total assets. Essentially, the debt-to-assets ratio is the primary indicator of the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s debt management. As the ratio increases or decreases, it indicates the firm ¡Ã‚ ¦s changing reliance on borrowed resources. The lower the ratio the more efficient the firm will be able to liquidate its assets if operations were discontinued, and debts needed to be collected. In 2001 Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s had $2,076,043 worth in total assets and $846,264 in total liabilities. When divided, Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s has the lower ratio of the two competitors at 40%. This means that they would take losses of 40% if operations were shut down, and the cash received from valuable assets would still be sufficient to pay off the entire debt. It also means that 40% of Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s assets are made through debt. McDonalds in 2001 had $12,545.3 (in millions) of total li abilities and $22,534.5 (in millions) of total assets. After doing the math, McDonalds ends up with a ratio of 56% which is higher than Wendy ¡Ã‚ ¦s by sixteen percent. This means that there is more default on McDonald ¡Ã‚ ¦s liabilities, which can be a costly event from lender ¡Ã‚ ¦s perspective. McDonalds makes 56% of all its assets through debt. In reality, it ¡Ã‚ ¦s not good to have a debt-to-assets ratio over 50%. It ¡Ã‚ ¦s also not good to have a debt-to-assets ratio that is too low because that shows that you have money that isn ¡Ã‚ ¦t being used to gain future economic profit. So a stable percentage closest to 50% is wanted. When looking at both of the financial statements, eve...

Acquisition of Manipulative Skills in Chemistry

Acquisition of Manipulative Skills in Chemistry Practical or hands-on activity is an essential instrument of assessment in an active science teaching and learning process. Science practical is a hands-on activity where the students are given the opportunity to practice what they have learned in the theories of science. It is an instrument for the students to acquire Science Process Skills (SPS) and Manipulative Skills (MS). Through practical activities a student’s Science Process Skills, Manipulative Skills as well as critical thinking and learning are developed. Also, science practical is a student centered and active learning process, which prepares a student to learn how to think, analyse, solve problems and produce appropriate solutions to it. This science practical is said to be a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Model. To identify and evaluate the level of the acquisition of SPS and MS, an assessment should be conducted on students. Assessments are important means of gaining dynamic picture of students academic developme nt. As an instrument of assessment, PEKA Chemistry was introduced in Malaysian school curricular. PEKA Chemistry is school-based practical assessment which was introduced in the year of 1999 to replace SPM Chemistry Practical Paper. This instrument is designed with a few constructs and criteria to assess student’s SPS and MS at the upper secondary level. The assessment is done continuously for two years, starting with the Form Four students and it is continued until the said students complete their Form Five. Students are assessed formatively by their chemistry subject teacher within the process of teaching and learning. LITERATURE REVIEW From other source of study, a few problems were identified in the implementation of PEKA. From the study by Siti Aloyah Alias (2002) ‘Evaluation Of The Implementation Of The PEKA Biology Program’ it is shown that even though the students enjoyed the assessment, many students are not sure of the skills they are suppose to master. With this, it is proven that the studied students have not mastered the SPS and MS skills as stated in the objective of PEKA. This study also shows that teachers are uncertain of using and designing their own scoring rubrics. They find it difficult to mark the students evidence as they do not have a proper standard marking guide. The study on Student Ability in PEKA Biology Among Form Four Science Stream Students by Nor Aziah Darus shows that time constraint in completing experiments was one of the main problem identified. This means the amount of experiments suggested by the ministry has got no proper time allocation. The amount of workload for teachers is too taxing. Teachers are under stress where they are suppose to finish the subject syllabus and the all the PEKA in a limited time of period. This in one way or other leads to lack of interest in teaching and learning of PEKA . Perlaksanaan Peka Kimia Di Sekolah Menengah di Sekitar Daerah Batu Pahat, Johor by Lee Soh Hoon   (2 007) showed that the frequency of the PEKA implementation is not sufficient. Faiza (2002) feels that the teachers are having problem in marking the practical report because the score scheme given by the ministry is too rubric. Additional to this, teachers in certain school are facing problem of insufficient lab apparatus which leads to limitation of experiment to assess. She also quoted that student’s excellent performance in PEKA (Biology) does not promise an excellent result in Biology theoretical examinations.

Review of A Journal Article on Population and Economics Term Paper

Review of A Journal Article on Population and Economics - Term Paper Example Moreover, health of aging population is also improving significantly and a large proportion of old-age people will live without any health complications. Productivity in any country will have bearings due to age-related changes in working populations. It is pertinent to note that population of age 60 and above was 200 million in 1950 but today, it has increased to 760 million and estimated to be around 2 billion in 2050. Similarly, the numbers of people of age 80 and above were 14 million in 1950 that has raised to 11 million today and are likely to reach, based on the current projections, nearly 400 million by 2050. This is critical since these patterns of aging population were never seen in the past. Authors have attempted to examine the effects of aging population on world economy as a whole. Authors have drawn data from the United Nations and have projected age-wise population between 2005 and 2050. The projections are based on the medium-fertility rate. If the fertility rates ar e lower than this than the aging population will increase further. The fertility rate estimation between 2005 and 2050 is a matter of uncertainty and will lead to different results pertaining to elderly proportion. Even changes in mortality rate will influence the proportion of aging population significantly. Different continents will have varying estimation of ageing population. Africa will have a least proportion of the people with age 60 and higher while Europe is projected to have the highest proportion of aging population amongst all continents – to the tune of almost 34 percent followed by North America at 28 percent. Declining fertility rates, increasing life expectancy at birth and declining mortality rates in child are the factors behind increased proportion of aging population across most part of the world. Quantitative Methods Employed The authors have employed quantitative empirical methods to study the effect of ageing population on the world economy. They have d one population analysis by age group based on historical data from 1950 to 2005 and then projections made about age-group distribution for years beyond 2005 until 2050. With different fertility assumptions, an attempt has been made to estimate proportion of aging population beyond 2005 until 2050. It is believed that the issue will have its social as well as political fallouts too. For example, an aging population will need support in terms of healthcare services and income security for them. In developing countries, this, traditionally, has been taken care by families but as more and more women enter workforce, this is likely to change. Formation of nuclear families, migration towards urban centers and children leaving away from their parents will become a norm even in most of the developing countries posing new challenges for security of the elderly population. Most developed countries have social security plans in place to provide healthcare and income security; however, as the e lderly population goes up, it is likely to be a daunting task for most governments. In short, aging population may cause serious consequences on the economy of the nation. Behavioural Changes Authors emphasise that behaviour changes play a pivotal role in meeting the shortfall in labour supply and they can be described as per the following. Rising life expectancy is responded by the society by increasing the number of working years keeping the saving behaviour unchanged. Even if the people do not work for extra years, it is certain that increased life

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the Essay - 9

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the liability of employers for references. How, if at all, does - Essay Example While the intention of the common law duty of care is to protect the aggrieved parties from incurring damages resulting from negligence, the law extends to promote sanity in the relationship of the employer and the employee. Arguably, the duty of care predisposes the human resource departments of various organization tend create organization policies that respect the rights of the employee in order to avoid legal feuds. Many institutions are hesitant to provide information about form students to prospective employers due to the fear of potential legal feuds. The fact that former employer had a direct engagement with the departed employee to a given extent makes him liable to any issue which he disseminate to the prospective employer that might amount to damages. The student or employee is likely to sue or seek legal arbitration in a situation where he or she feels that the former institution violated his or her right by offering certain information that damages his or her identity. U nder the duty of care, defamation is a communication that intends to harm the reputation of the target party so as to limit the ability of the ability of the party to associate with a third party. The law protects offer punitive and compensatory damages for successful defamatory claims. The issue that is contentious in acting as a referee for the university student is the fact that such association might attract legal liability. In some situations, the institution might be willing to provide the confidential information about a former student whom in the institution’s view does not deserve consideration for employment because of his or her conduct. There is no legal provision that dictates that the institution must provide a reference to prospective employers. However, the existing legal obligation provide that universities should exercise due care when compiling a reference report of a student. The institution owes a duty of care to the student to whom such reference informa tion is provided and to the addressee who sought the reference. The employer might sue the University for Negligence if it fails to provide reference information requested about the student (Williams and Zumbansen 2011 pp134). On the other hand, the student might sue the institution if it feels that the information addressed to the addressee violated his or her right. Most institutions feel obligated to respond to request for a reference where reasonably requested for employment or academic purposes (Grace and Gravestock 2008 pp 46). Failure to provide the reference could disadvantage a student application and could be deemed to be discriminatory on grounds of race, sex, disability, or age and be subject to legal action. Some people have failed to secure job opportunity from prospective employers or have faced the sack based on the reference information addressed to the prospectus employer by their former employers. Such outcomes often attract legal suits. In case Spring vs. Guardia n Assurance Plc and Others; HL 7-Jul-1994, the complainant submitted before the court that the reference given by his former employer influenced his sacking. In the reference letter, his former employer indicted that he was a man of little or no integrity. In this case, the opinion of the court held that an employer was liable for negligence and damaging reference given on behalf of the employee. The court noted that a duty of care was owed to the former employee.

Activity-Based Costing ( ABC ) Essay -- Essays Papers

Activity-Based Costing ( ABC ) Summary The business environment in the 1990s is markedly different from that of the past when conventional cost accounting procedures were established. Activity-based costing (ABC), pioneered in the late 1980s, offered a new costing approach consistent with the changed environment. However, ABC did not diffuse rapidly into the business community. This article demonstrates why adopting ABC is important by documenting the potential of ABC in supporting contemporary managerial decision making. Introduction Everything happens faster in business today. Even new management tools (some say "fads") follow a meteoric path. For example, the ink on new articles describing activity-based costing (ABC) was hardly dry before consulting firms had integrated it into their slick brochures and presentations. All they needed was someone to use it. To illustrate, Romano identified only 110 installations by August 1990, nearly two years after the procedure was developed, with 77 percent of these in two major firms [13]. Perhaps this phase, in the process of introducing the new procedure, could be called "the period of wild over-promise." However, even by the mid-1990s, ABC has not spread widely throughout the industry and "even in large firms, widespread success of ABC is not obvious" [16]. According to Ness and Cucuzza, "thousands of companies have adopted or explored the feasibility of adopting ABC. However, (they) estimate that no more than ten percent of companies now use activity-based management in a significant number of their operations" [11]. A survey conducted by the Institute of Management Accountants' cost management group found that only 29 percent of companies used ABC instead of traditional systems, but this was an increase from 25 percent in the previous year [10]. Among reasons cited for low adoption were employee resistance and major organizational changes required with the use of ABC [11]. Some trace the source of slow adoption of ABC to technical as well as cultural issues [5]. Others feel that ABC would be more widespread in industry if it were marketed better by the cost accounting profession itself [1]. As the dust has settled, ABC has turned out to be less a revolutionary technique than a useful refinement to proven systems. The costs of products and services must be accurate, or management can be misled. Decisions... ...8. Lewis, R.J. "Activity-Based Costing for Marketing." Management Accounting, November 1991, pp. 33-38. 9. Lofgren, G.Q. "Quality System Registration: A Guide to Q90/ISO 9000 Series Registration." Quality Progress, May 1991, p. 37. 10. "More Companies Turn to ABC."Journal of Accountancy, July 1994, p. 14. 11. Ness, J.A. and T.G. Cucuzza. "Tapping the Full Potential of ABC." Harvard Business Review, July/August 1995, pp. 130-131. 12. Port, O. "Custom-Made, Direct from the Plant." Business Week, November 18, 1994, p. 158. 13. Romano, P.L. "Trends in Management Accounting." Management Accounting, August 1990, pp. 53-56. 14. Roth, A.V., C. Gaimon, and L. Krazewski. "Optimal Acquisition of FMS Technology Subject to Technological Process." Decision Sciences, Vol. 22, No. 2, Spring 1991, pp. 308-334. 15. Schonberger, R.J. and E.M. Knod Jr. Operations Management: Continuous Improvement. Richard D. Irwin, 1994, p. 44. 16. Selto, F.H. and D.W. Jasinski. "ABC and High Technology: A Story with a Moral." Management Accounting, March 1996, pp. 37-40. 17. Smith, R.B. "Competitiveness in the '90s." Management Accounting, September 1989, pp. 24-29.

European External Action Service Introduction Essay

European External Action Service Introduction Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To strengthen the European Union, make it more efficiency, make its projects more interesting and give it more profile, there was the need for the establishment of External European Action Service (EEAS). According to treaty of Lisbon signed in 2007, the establishment of EEAS was to be carried out by high representative council after consulting European parliament. Following this, on 25th march 2010 high representatives council sent a proposal for the establishment of EEAS to European Parliament. With discussions, negotiations, and consideration of various concerns, EEAS was approved for established by European government on 8 July 2010. Functions of external European action service   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main aim why the external European action service was made is to enhance European Union global functions. It was created to make broad functions of European Union more Efficient and that is the base which creates the functions of the external European service action. The external European action service performs presidency and diplomatic functions. In the precedential role, the body assists the President of the European Council to carry out his responsibilities on foreign issues. In its diplomatic service, external European action service supports High representative who is also the vice president of the European commission (Eeckhout, 94).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The external European action service is responsible of coordinating the ministries of development and defense. From a development perspective, the external European action service plays a role of shaping strategy and programming development collaboration all over the word. The body combines the technical experts of the European commissions and the council’s political weight in the process of enhancing European Union role all over the world. On the side of defense, the body works under the European Union where they provide military support all over the word in the peace keeping process under the European Union policy of common security and defense (Austermann 70).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   External European action service maintains a good neighborhood relation with other countries. Most of the countries who border the European Union in sides are undergoing a political change. Under the policy of neighborhood, the external European action service work hard to ensure a solid union with those countries in the process of easing political transitions in those countries. Challenges external European action service face   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Integration is the key challenge that the external European action service is facing today. The body was formed recently and is still struggling to integrate bodies of the European Union which they work hand in hand for global role achievement. For example the security and defense body has is decision making council, this council decisions contradicts the decisions of the external European action service and thus they fail to agree on any issue. The efforts of external European Union to integrate this bodies end up fruitless because of lack of teamwork between the organs of the European Union (waele et. al, 251).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The external European action service is facing another main challenge of competition between the institutions. During the formation of external action service, the main bodies that were involved were the council and member state. Their main aim was to make external operations of the European Union effective. Other institutional took it as a plan to bring inter-institution competition. This altitude makes it difficult for the External action to operate because other institution performs their duties with the aim of competition and thus they can not agree with the decisions of the external European action service (Blocksman and Steven 23). Recommendations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   More has to be done to increase authority and capacity of the external European action service in its operations. One, chairperson of the working groups of the external action should be permanently appointed other than the current system where the chair is rotational. The capacity of external European action service in handling major European Union policies should be increased. The policies that should be considered are; struggle against terrorism, energy security and environment among other policies (Boening et. al, 33).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The policy and planning capability of external European action service should be strengthened. This will enable the body to be more efficient on strategic issues and paper work planning. The external European action service should be provided with the necessary resources for it to function well this should be done after the staffing level review has been done. All this recommendations will ensure that the external European action service is efficient in its work. This will be an advantage to the European Union (Morgera 64). Relation to European Union Countries   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   External European action service ensures that there is strong cooperation between the European Union and European Union members on matters of foreign affairs and policy. This is done through the influence of the civil servants of both the European Union and European countries, where they establish a living link. External European action service has helped European Union to be stable on matters of foreign affairs and thus many countries have aspired to join the European Union. This has made the number of European Union members to rise where currently they are more than 28 (Brierly and Clapham 142). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, we have discussed about the functions, challenges, recommendations and relation of external European action service in this easy and we have seen that this organization is one of the strongholds of the European Union. The global picture of the European Union is reflected by this body and since the formation of the European action service the performance of the European Union has improved. More research on how this organization can be entrusted with more power and ways to solve the institution competition should be done. This will enable it to be more efficient in its operations. References Austermann, Frauke. European Union Delegations in Eu Foreign Policy: A Diplomatic Service of Different Speeds. , 2014. Internet resource. Blockmans, Steven. Fit for Purpose?: The European External Action Service One Year on. Oxford: Oxfam GB, 2012. Print. Boening, Astrid, Jan-Frederik Kremer, and Aukje . Loon. Global Power Europe: Volume 1. Berlin: Springer, 2013. Internet resource. Brierly, J L, and Andrew Clapham. Brierly’s Law of Nations: An Introduction to the Role of International Law in International Relations. , 2012. Print. Eeckhout, Piet. Eu External Relations Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. Print. Morgera, Elisa. The External Environmental Policy of the European Union: Eu and International Law Perspectives. , 2012. Print. Waele, Henri C. F. J. A, and Jan-Jaap Kuipers. The European Union’s Emerging International Identity: Views from the Global Arena. , 2013. Print. Source document